Toxicology & Pharmacology Conference to be held in Rome, Italy during March 23 - 24 2020.
Toxicogenomics
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Toxicogenomics is a branch of toxicology which applies several genomic analysis techniques to determine how chemicals, both environmental and pharmaceutical agents, react on human and ecological health. It includes technologies such as genome sequence analysis, proteomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics to detect toxic agent-induced alterations in genetic expression, protein expression, and metabolite production; moreover, effects of these alterations on phenotypic expressions at the cellular, tissue, and organism levels is also studied. Such information provides a deeper understanding of how biologic pathways respond to toxic substances.
Drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity, efficacy/potency, metabolic stability, and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, the process of drug development can continue, and, if successful, clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. A toxicology screen is a test that determines the approximate amount and type of legal or illegal drugs that taken. It may be used to screen for drug abuse , to monitor a substance abuse problem, or to evaluate drug intoxication or overdose. Toxicology screening can be done fairly quickly. The test is most often done using a urine or blood sample. In some cases, a sample of saliva or hair may be used. The results can show the presence of one specific drug or a variety of drugs at once. Further testing may be needed to determ...
Drug safety in the development process, new biomarkers are needed which can reduce the time-consuming process and cost of drug development. Traditional indicators of target organ toxicity used in preclinical drug safety studies consist of a battery of clinical pathology parameters in blood and urine coupled with histopathologic examination of altered tissues. Researching the translational safety biomarker is a process that investigates one characteristic of the biomarker, i.e. noninvasive, and translates between species. The safety biomarker should be validated and preclinically and clinically qualified. Several kidney biomarkers in the context of preclinical development and clinical trials are presented in this chapter. Application of safety biomarkers in different phases of drug development, in particular for kidney, liver, heart, vascular vessels, lung, central nervous system, and lipid/carbohydrate metabolism, is described. For more: http://www.globalepisteme.org/Conferenc...
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