Toxicology & Pharmacology Conference to be held in Rome, Italy during March 23 - 24 2020.
Environmental and Ecotoxicology
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Environmental toxicology, field of study in the environmental sciences that is concerned with the assessment of toxic substances in the environment. Although it is based on toxicology, environmental toxicology draws heavily on principles and techniques from other fields, including biochemistry, cell biology, developmental biology, and genetics. Among its primary interests are the assessment of toxic substances in the environment, the monitoring of environments for the presence of toxic substances, the effects of toxins on biotic and abiotic components of ecosystems, and the metabolism and biological and environmental fate of toxins. Ecotoxicology can be defined as the study of harmful effects of chemicals upon ecosystems. This implies that ecotoxicology is concerned not only with the detections of chemicals per se, but with biological effects of toxic chemicals that contaminate or have contaminated the environment. These biological effects may be anything from a molecular effect in a species to the effects on the biosphere as a whole.
Drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity, efficacy/potency, metabolic stability, and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, the process of drug development can continue, and, if successful, clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. A toxicology screen is a test that determines the approximate amount and type of legal or illegal drugs that taken. It may be used to screen for drug abuse , to monitor a substance abuse problem, or to evaluate drug intoxication or overdose. Toxicology screening can be done fairly quickly. The test is most often done using a urine or blood sample. In some cases, a sample of saliva or hair may be used. The results can show the presence of one specific drug or a variety of drugs at once. Further testing may be needed to determ...
Drug safety in the development process, new biomarkers are needed which can reduce the time-consuming process and cost of drug development. Traditional indicators of target organ toxicity used in preclinical drug safety studies consist of a battery of clinical pathology parameters in blood and urine coupled with histopathologic examination of altered tissues. Researching the translational safety biomarker is a process that investigates one characteristic of the biomarker, i.e. noninvasive, and translates between species. The safety biomarker should be validated and preclinically and clinically qualified. Several kidney biomarkers in the context of preclinical development and clinical trials are presented in this chapter. Application of safety biomarkers in different phases of drug development, in particular for kidney, liver, heart, vascular vessels, lung, central nervous system, and lipid/carbohydrate metabolism, is described. For more: http://www.globalepisteme.org/Conferenc...
Nanotoxicology is the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials. Because of quantum size effects and large surface area to volume ratio, nanomaterials have unique properties compared with their larger counterparts. Nanotoxicology is a branch of bionanoscience which deals with the study and application of toxicity of nanomaterials. Nanomaterials , even when made of inert elements like gold, become highly active at nanometer dimensions. Nanotoxicological studies are intended to determine whether and to what extent these properties may pose a threat to the environment and to human beings. For instance, Diesel nanoparticles have been found to damage the cardiovascular system in a mouse model. For more: http://www.globalepisteme.org/Conference/toxicology-pharmacology-conference/ For abstract submission: http://www.globalepisteme.org/Conference/toxicology-pharmacology-conference/submitabstract Contact us: toxicology@globalepisteme.com
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